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A. Lambert, ‘Cochrane, Thomas, tenth earl of Dundonald (1775–1860)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

G. de Lamberty, Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire du XVIII siècle, 12 vols, The Hague 1724-34

J. Landwehr, Romeyn de Hooghe, the Etcher: Contemporary Portrayal of Europe, 1662-1707, Leiden 1973

J. Langins, Conserving the Enlightenment: French Military Engineering from Vauban to the Revolution, Cambridge 2004

R. de Laroche, L’Enchatclopédie, Paris 2010

P. Laszlo, ‘Esztergom Castle and the first detailed mapping of unknown fortification plan. Pompei Floriano MS drawings of the 1595 recapture’, Hadtörtéelmi Közlemények a Hadtörténeti Intézet és Múzeum folyóirata [Military History Institute and Museum of Military History Magazine], 2000 [accessed 22 Jan. 2020]

P. Latcham, ‘Skinner, William (1699/1700-1780)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Brisbane, Sir Charles (1769?–1829)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Broke, Sir Philip Bowes Vere, first baronet (1776–1841)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Chads, Sir Henry Ducie (1788–1868)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. R. Morriss, ‘Cockburn, Sir George, eighth baronet (1772–1853)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. H.V. Bowen, ‘Dance, Sir Nathaniel (1748–1827)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. R. Morriss, ‘Farquhar, Sir Arthur (1772–1843)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. R. Morriss, ‘Gordon, Sir James Alexander (1782–1869)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. N. Tracy, ‘Harvey, John (1740–1794)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. M. Duffy, ‘Hood, Sir Samuel, first baronet (1762–1814)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Hornby, Sir Phipps (1785–1867)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. M. Duffy, ‘Hoste, Sir William, first baronet (1780–1828)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Irby, Charles Leonard (1789–1845)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. N. Tracy, ‘Lambert, Henry (d. 1813)’, rev. Nicholas Tracy, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. P.L.C. Webb, ‘Mitchell, Sir Andrew (1757–1806)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Mudge, Zachary (1770–1852)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Phillimore, Sir John (1781–1840)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Seymour, Sir Michael, first baronet (1768–1834)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. A. Lambert, ‘Silvester, Sir Philip Carteret, second baronet (1777–1828)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. M. Duffy, ‘Strachan, Sir Richard John, fourth baronet (1760–1828)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.K. Laughton, rev. M. Duffy, ‘Yeo, Sir James Lucas (1782–1818)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

M.J. Laurent, ‘Rapport fait a M. le Préfet des Vosges sur les Accroissements des Collections du Musée Départemental dan le courant de 1853’, Annales de la Société d’Émulation du Département des Vosges, 8, pt 1, 1853, pp. 259-64

C.C.P. Lawson, A History of the Uniforms of the British Army, London 1961

S. Leathes et al. (eds), The Cambridge Modern History, 11, 1976, pp. 413-14

‘Lebensbeschreibung der jüngst verstorbenen Königin von Pohlen und Churfürstin von Sachsen’, Neue Genealogisch-historische Nachrichten von den Vornehmsten Begebenheiten, welche sich an den Europäischen Hösen zutragen, worinn zugleich vieler Stands-Personen Lebens-Beschreibungen vorkommen, 101, Leipzig 1759, pp. 367-98

M.C. Leber, Catalogue des Livres Imprimés, Manuscrits, Estampes, … composant la Bibliothèque de M.C. Leber, 3, Paris 1839

C. Le Blanc, Manuel de l’amateur d’estampes, 4 vols, Paris 1854-89

D. Le Marchant, Memoirs of the late Major General Le Marchant, Staplehurst 1841 (reprinted 1997)

C. Lemoine-Isabeau, Les militaires et la cartographie des Pays-Bas méridionaux et de la Principauté de Liège à la fin du XVIIe et au XVIIIe siècle, Brussels 1984

P. Lenihan, ‘Schomberg at Dundalk, 1689’, Journal of the County Louth Archaeological and Historical Society, 27, no. 1, 2009, pp. 39-52

F.G. de León, The Road to Rocroi: Class, Culture and Command in the Spanish Army of Flanders, 1567-1659, Leiden 2009

C. Leslie, Historical Records of the Family of Leslie, from 1067 to 1868-9, 3 vols, London 1869

N.B. Leslie, The Succession of Colonels of the British Army from 1660 to the Present Day, London 1974

M. Lester, ‘Warren, Sir John Borlase, baronet (1753–1822)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

E. Lincoln, The Invention of the Italian Renaissance Printmaker, New Haven and London 2000

E.M. Lloyd, rev. G.L. Teffeteller, ‘Trant, Nicholas (1769–1839)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

R. Loeber, ‘Burgh, Thomas (1670-1730)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

L. Loewenson, ‘Lady Rondeau’s letters from Russia (1728-1739)’, The Slavonic and East European Review , 35, no. 85, 1957, pp. 399-408

J.E. du Londel, Les Fastes des Rois de la Maison D’Orléans et de celle de Bourbon. depuis 1497. jusqu’à 1697, Paris 1697

London Gazette, 21-24 September 1811, no.16524, pp. 1861-3 (account of a naval action off Boulogne)

A.D. Lublinskaya, French Absolutism: The Crucial Phase, 1620-1629, B. Pearce (trans.), Cambridge 1965 (translation published 2008)

H.M. Lydenberg, Archibald Robertson, Lieutenant-General Royal Engineers, His Diaries and Sketches in America, 1762-1780, New York 1930

J.A. Lynn, The Wars of Louis XIV 1667-1714, London 1999 (republished 2013)

T.B. Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James II, Cambridge 2011

M. McDonald, ‘Cesare Bassano’s 1635 Siege of Valenza’, Print Quarterly, 28, 2011, pp. 288-92

M. McDonald, The Paper Museum of Cassiano dal Pozzo: A Catalogue Raisonné. Series C: Prints. Part II: Architecture, Topography and Military Maps, 3 vols, London 2019

T.H. McGuffie, ‘A report on some contemporary and unpublished manuscripts by Major William Cunninghame on the siege’, Historical Research, 23, issue supplement 11, 1950, pp. 182-90

R. MacKenney, Sixteenth Century Europe: Expansion and Conflict, Basingstoke 1993

P. Mackesy, British Victory in Egypt, 1801: The End of Napoleon’s Conquest, London and New York 2010

D. Mackinnon, Origins and services of the Coldstream Guards, 2 vols, London 1833

I. Madariaga, Ivan the Terrible, London 2008

D. Madunić, ‘Taming Mars: customs, rituals and ceremonies in the siege operations in Dalmatia during the War for Crete (1645-69)’, Hungarian Historical Review, 4, no. 2, 2015 

N. Malcolm, Bosnia: A Short History, London 2002

E. Mâle, Religious Art in France of the Thirteenth Century, Mineola 1913

G.B. Malleson, Prince Eugene of Savoy, London 1888 (reprinted Cambridge 2010)

J. Manduca, ‘The great siege of 1565’, Treasures of Malta, 1, no. 1, 1994, pp. 44-7

M.D. Manley, Memoirs of Europe, 2 vols, London 1710

M.D. Manley, The New Atlantis, 2 vols, London 1710

F. Marías, ‘Una estampa con el arco triunfal de Don Juan de Austria (Messina, 1571): desde Granada hacia Lepanto’, Lexicon, 5–6, 2007-8, pp. 65-74

J.A. Marino and T. Kuehn, A Renaissance of Conflicts: Visions and Revisions of Law and Society in Italy and Spain, Toronto 2004

Marlborough, Sarah, Duchess of, Private Correspondence of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough, vol. II, 2nd edn, London 1838

H. Martin, Histoire de France depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu’en 1789, Paris 1859

D.W. Marshall, ‘The British military engineers 1741-1783: a study of organization, social origin, and cartography’, Ann Arbor 1976 (unpublished PhD thesis, University of Michigan)

D.W. Marshall and H.H. Peckham, Campaigns of the American Revolution: An Atlas of Manuscript Maps, Ann Arbor 1976

D.W. Marshall, ‘Military maps of the eighteenth century and the Tower of London Drawing Room’, Imago Mundi, 32, 1980, pp. 21-44

J. Marshall, Royal Naval Biography Supplement: Or, the Memoirs of the Services of All the Flag-Officers, Cambridge 1827 (Cambridge Library Collection 2010)

R. Mason and P. Willis, Maps of Malta in the Museum and Library of the Order of St John: A Short Catalogue, London 1989

S. Mason, ‘Summer camps for soldiers: 1778-1782’, Essex Journal, 33, no. 2, 1998, pp. 39-45

P.D. Massar, ‘The prints of Valerio Spada – I’, Print Quarterly, 3, no. 3, 1986, pp. 217-23

C.K.A.L. von Massenbach, Kurze Uebersicht der Feldzuges an der Saar und Blies: aus einem Tagebuch eines bey der Aliirten Armee befindlichen Englischen Officiers frey übersetzt, Frankfurt and Leipzig 1793

M.E. Meaume, ‘Recherches sur la vie et les ouvrages de Jacques Callot’, Mémoires de L’Académie de Stanislas, 1859, pp. 58-310

F.S. Memegalos, George Goring (1608-1657): Caroline Courtier and Royalist General, Farnham 2013

M. Merriman, ‘Lee, Sir Richard (1501/2-1575)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

E. de Mesa, The Irish in the Spanish Armies in the Seventeenth Century, Woodbridge 2014

E.C. Metzger, ‘Montagu, John, second duke of Montagu (1690–1749)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

V. Meyer, ‘Sebastien Pontault de Beaulieu et la levee du siege d’Arras’, Nouvelles de l’estampe, 178, 2001

L-G. Michaud, ‘Jacques Anne Joseph Le Prestre de Vauban’, Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne : histoire par ordre alphabétique de la vie publique et privée de tous les hommes avec la collaboration de plus de 300 savants et littérateurs français ou étrangers, 2, 1843–65

G. Michiel, ‘Venice: July 1558’, ‘Calendar of State Papers Relating to English Affairs in the Archives of Venice, Volume 6: 1555–1558, 1558, pp. 1512-24 [accessed 23 Jan. 2020]

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O. Millar, The Later Georgian Pictures in the Collection of Her Majesty The Queen, London 1969

D. Miller, ‘The Czech Republic’, in R. Frucht (ed.), Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Land, and Culture, Santa Barbara 2005

T.M. Molyneux, Conjunct Expeditions; or expeditions that have been carried on jointly by the fleet and army. With a commentary on a littoral war, London 1759

G. Della Monaca, 1646 Orbetello L’assedio memorabile storia, personaggi, cartografia, letteratura, Rome 2013, pp. 255-6, pl. XXX

S. Monks, ‘Marine art and the public sphere in Britain, 1739-1795’, 2 vols, London 2002 (unpublished PhD thesis, University of London)

S. Monks, ‘Our man in Havana: representation and reputation in Lieutenant Philip Orsbridge’s Britannia’s Triumph’, in J. Bonehill and G. Quilley (eds), Conflicting Visions: War and Visual Culture in Britain and France, c.1700-1830, Ashgate 2005, pp. 85-114

Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, The Works of The Right Honourable Lady Mary Montagu, 2 vols, London 1803

R. Morriss, ‘Smith, Sir (William) Sidney (1764–1840)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

J.H. van Mosselveld, ‘Die Kalix Berna’, De Oranjeboom, 11, 1958, pp. 1-5

R. Mulcahy, ‘Enea Vico’s proposed Triumphs of Charles V’, Print Quarterly, 19, 2002, pp. 331-40

F. Muller, Catalogus: Frederik Muller, De Nederlandsche geschiedenis in platen: beredeneerde beschrijving van Nederlandsche historieplaten, zinneprenten en historische kaarten, 4 vols, Amsterdam 1863-82

R. Murphey, Ottoman Warfare 1500-1700, New Brunswick 1999

Musées royaux des beaux-arts de Belgique, Le peintre et l’arpenteur Images de Bruxelles et de l’ancien duché de Brabant, Brussels 2000

G. Naish, The Maritime Siege of Malta 1565, Greenwich 1970

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Y. O’Donoghue, William Roy 1726-1790: Pioneer of the Ordnance Survey, London 1977

P.J. O’Meara, ‘Lacy, Peter, Count Lacy in the nobility of the Holy Roman empire (1678–1751)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 2004

H. Oakes-Jones, ‘Pikemen and musketeers, 1661’, Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research, 13, no. 50, 1934, p. 65

C. Oman, History of the Art of War in the Sixteenth Century, London 1937

A. Omodeo, Mostra di Stampe Popolari Venete del ’500, Florence 1965 (exhibition catalogue)

A.P. Oppé, The Drawings of Paul and Thomas Sandby in the Collection of His Majesty The King at Windsor Castle, Oxford 1947

A.P. Oppé, English Drawings: Stuart and Georgian Periods in the Collection of His Majesty The King at Windsor Castle, London 1950

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K. van Orden, Music, Discipline, and Arms in Early Modern France, Chicago 2005

T. Osborne, Dynasty and Diplomacy in the Court of Savoy: Political Culture and the Thirty Years’ War, Cambridge 2007

J. Ostwald, Vauban under Siege: Engineering Efficiency and Martial Vigour in the War of the Spanish Succession, Leiden 2007

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M. Pedley, The Commerce of Cartography: Making & Marketing Maps in 18th-Century France and England, Chicago 2005

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